Arc-lamp.



APYLIGATIDN TILED HA1",

Patented Fab. 23, 1969.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l Inventor" i AB. Hal Orson Jr" fitt'g.

Crcimwe E G. A B. HALVORSON, JR.

ARC LAMP. APBLwATioN FILED MAR. 7, 1907. 91 3,209. Patented Feb. 23, 1909. '2 SHEETS-S.HEET-2.

Fig. 5.

Witnesses Inventor: 7 2 Cromwell AB. Halvorson Jri, g. m M QQM electrodes shall .necessary to employ a dashtween the tw on ED STA.

eRoMwE L A. B. Harmon son, JR.

TES PATENT OFFICE.

, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGN OR TO GENERAL ELEC- TRIC GOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK. Ana-LAMP. No. 93.3,2O9. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 23, 1909. Application filed March 7, 1907. Serial No. 361,051. To all whom it may concern: The various features of novelty which I, CiioMWELL A. B. HAL- d States, State of Be-it. known that vonsox, Jr., a citizen of the Unite residing at-Lynii, county of Essex, assacli'nsetts, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Arc-Lanips, of which the following is a specification.

In electric arc lamps, particularly those having negative electrodes which give luminous or flaming arcs-there is danger that the electrodes, when brought into en agement with eac the feedingh other during k he lamp, will fuse or Weld characterize my after particularly but for a full an invention will be hereinpointed out in the claims; derstanding of the invention in its various aspects, reference is to be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l is a side elevation of an arc in accordance with a premy invention, the casing and emoved; Fig. 2 is a detail onnection between the core or f the regulating magnet and the Fig 3 is a side elei however, only a portion of the parts being in the positi occupy when the regulati globe being r showing the c armature o dash pot I the lamp, and on which they ng magnet the occurrence of electrodes.

In the ordinary luminous arc lamp havg e F g y e t od s f ing a ,negative electrode of magnetite, for the l p; and g- 5 15a g m f @011- example, feeding is effected by bringing that HBOUOIIS- ber having wing-like portions 3 and 4: which h the positive it to drop a and thus cause e proper arc aration of the ace too suddenly be broken, it is 1; o th extend through slots in the walls of a t n-ding 1 193115 whereby the mgvement 0f the fume bOX 6. The SlOtS 111 the fume bOX have negative electrode in the arc striking direcgr ater depths than the \YldthS of the wings tion is maintained slow. enough to permit 3 and 4, so that the POSIUVG QlGCUOClQ is cathe arc to be gradually ile igthened t, I pable of limited movements in a vertical di- Th use f .fl i l t, h i t 1 rection. hormally, the electrode is held in duces the disadvantage of maintai in th I, a predetermined pos tion through the enelectrodes in engagement with each other gagement of the lower edges of the w ngs 3 for-an appreciable length of time b fore th and 4 with cotter pins or other suitable negative electrode begins to descend. Theres ps 7 t; the lower end of the slots. The fore, after the lamp has been burning for fume box is located below the main platform some time and the end of the negative F 8 of the lamp and communicates with a electrode has softened, the engagement bechamber 9 which may form the backbone of o electrodes during the f eding I the lamp. All these parts are of old and operation may be of sufficient duration to well-known construction and require no furpermit the two electrodes to weld together ther description. The negative electrode 18 .so that the negative electrode fails to 1 also illustrated as being supported and opscend, and strike the are. In accordance erated in a well-known manner, namely: a with my invention the retarding means is tube 10 passesvertically through the platso arranged that the initial separation of form and carries at its lower end a holder the electrodes may be quickly made so that ll of the negative electrode; and it is the electrodes are not given an opportunity guided at its upper end -by means or the rod to weld together. Specifically stated, one 12 which prO ects downwards from the hood electrode is permitted to drop freely through 13 of the lamp into the interior of the tube. a limited distance which, while great enough 14 and 15 are, respectively, the holding to carry it out of engagement with the other and lifting clutches of any usual construce lectrode, is not suflicient to cause the arc tion; the function of the l fting clutch be= to break. I ing to engage the supporting tube of the-- atioii showing,

lowerelectrode and move it vertically .until the lower electrode has come into engagement with the upper electrode and forced the latter electrode upwards as far as it will go. The function of the holding clutch is to cooperate with the support for the lower electrode so as to permit this electrode to drop a predetermined distance away from the upper electrode after the two electrodes have been brought into engagement by means of the lifting clutch/ The lifting clutch is operated by a suitableregulating magnet 16, which is in turn controlled, as will be hereinafter described, so as to become de'elnergized after the two electrodes have come into engagement, and thus permitthe separation of the electrode to establish the arc. The core 17 of the electro-magnet has attached thereto a stem '18 provided with a shoulder or collar 19 upon which the end of the arm 20 of the lifting clutch rests. When the magnet isnergized, the core is drawn upward; the lifting clutch is brought into operative engagement with the tubular support in the lower electrode, and is then carried vertically through a variable distance until the lower electrode is brought into engagement with the upper electrode. The extent of this lifting movement is determined by the distance which separated the two electrodes before the movement began, since the lifting movement continues until the magnet is denergized upon the engagement of the two electrodes with each other. The holding clutch is illustrated as being of the usual floating type normally locked to the tubular support for the lower electrodeby means of an elongated spring 21. Normally this clutch rests u'pon'a fixed stop 22 extending upwards from the platform. then the lifting movement begins the holding clutch travels with the electrodesupporting tube until it comes into engagement with a second fixed stop 23 which is arranged at some distance above .stop 22. The stop 23 arrests the movement of the holding clutch which, however, permits the electrode-supporting tube to continue its upward movement Then the electromagnet is deenergized, the lower electrode and its supporting tube begin to drop, but the holding clutch immediately grips the tube and is carried downward with it until the stop 22 is reached. At this point both the clutch and the'electrode are brought to rest. It will therefore be seen that the distance be tween the two stops 22 and 23 determines the length of arc which in the form of lamp shown is equal to this distance minus the distance through which the upperelectrode is free to move.

The speed at which the lower electrode drops is determined by a dash-pot 24, the

movable'memberof-which is connected to a stem 18 which prqects downward from the core of the armature of the net. The connection between the stem and the dash-pot member is a loose one which permits of relative movements in a vertical direction between these parts. This is most clearly shown in Fig. 2. The lower end of the stem 18 is slotted so as to form a jaw :25, and into this jaw projects a member 26 secured to or forming part of the movable member of the dash-pot. The member 26 is provided with an elongated slot 27, through which projects a pin 28 carried upon the stem 18. The relative movements between the dash pot and the armature of the magnet are therefore limited by the slot-27 and in 28. The pin 28 is shown as serving an additional function, namely, that of securing the collar 19 to the stem 18.

111 Figs. 1 and 2- the parts are shown in the positions which they occupy when the magnet is deenergized. It will be seen that when the regulating magnet is energized, its armature. is drawn upward the length of the slot 27 before the movable member of the dash-pot begins to move. The armature of the magnet and the movable member of the dash-pot then continue their upward movement-together; the. pin 28 remaining in the upper end of the slot in the dash-pot member as indicated in Fig. 3. When the magnet is deenergized, it will be seen that the armature, and therefore the lifting clutch, holding clutch and lower electrode are free to drop the length of the slot 2'2 before the'retarding influence of the dash pot comes into play. Thereafter, however the pin 28 engages the wall at the lower ent of the slot and further downward movemen' is in unison with the movable member of th, dash-pot. The length of the slot 27 is sucl that the lower electrode, while free of .th dash-pot, may drop through a distanc equal to the distance through which the up per electrode drops, and a slight additions amount which will carry the lower electred out of engagement with the upper electrod but not far enough to rupture the arc whie is started.

In Fig. 1 the arts are shown in the no] mal running positions in full lines, whi'v the position of the lower electrode at tl moment it comes under the influence of ti dash-pot is shown in dotted lines. It wi be seen that at this moment the two ele trodes are separated only a slight distan from each other, but this is quite suficiei to prevent them from welding together at at the same time does not interfere with tl proper striking of the arc.

In Fig. 5 I have shown the lamp diagrai matically. Thus, in addition to the ma regulating magnet there are two auxilia magnets: the one 29 having a coil which in series with the electrode; and the oth- 30, a coil which is in series with the coil regulating mag.- 1

emcee the main magnet. 'To the respective cores of the auxiliary magnets are attached contacts 3i and 32,'which, when they engage, place a shunt about the coil of electromagnet 30 and connect the coilof the main magnet across the line in series with a resistance 33. This arrangement of parts is exactly the same as that shown in an application filed by Richard Fleming, December 28, 1905, Serial No. 293,590, namely: when both magnets 29 and 30 are deenergized, contacts 31 and 32 engage; while during the substantial dei nergization of magnet 30 and-the energization'ot' magnet 29, the contacts are out of engagement, \Yhon currentis turned on the lamp, the contacts 31 and 32 being in engagement, a circuit is established through the main electromagnet, while the electromagnet 30 remains deenergized. The lower electrode is therefore raised in the manner described until it engages with and raises the upper electrode to the top of the slots in the fume box. Cur ent now flows through the electrodes in 'es with the coil of electromagne.t 29 and his magnet, being energized, lifts contact 31 wt of engagement with contact 32, thereby cc meeting the coil of magnet 30 where-the contacts 31 and 32 are brought together; whereupon the main magnet is again operatively energized and the lower electrode is lifted as before.

While I have illustrated and described my invention in detail as incorporated. in a luminous arc lamp having a non-consuming positive electrode, I do not desire to limit the invention. in its application, to this form of lamp, although it is particularly well adapted thereto. In its broader aspects my invention contemplates any arrangement whereby the initial separation of two electrodes may be made quickly, whife thereafter the electrodes continue to separate slowly so as to draw the are to its prope length; and the type of lamp or the specific physical embodiment of the features constituting my invent-ion are immaterial.

\Vhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. In an arc lamp, the combination of a pair of electrodes, an. electro-magnet and armature, the latter cooperating with one of the electrodes to permit the same to separate by gravity from the other to strike an arc, a retarding device and a lost mot-ion connection between the same and the armature, whereby the initial arc striking movement of the electrode is free and the remainder of the movement is retarded.

2. In an arc lamp, an electrode tending normally to occupy a predetermined position, a second electrode, means for moving the latter electrode into engagement with the other electrode and carrying that electrode 0;, of its normal position, said means being arranged to permitthe. said second electrode dro by gravity to strike an arc, a dash-pot or retarding the dropping of said second electrode, and a loose connection between the latter electrode and the dash-pot which permits that electrode to drop freely until the other electrode has resumed its normal position and the arcing ends have separated slightly.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this fourth day of March, 1907.

CROMWELL A. B. HALVORSON, JR.

Witnesses: .7

JOHN A. MCMANUS, J12, Pnniir F Haanmc-ron. 

